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diff --git a/timezone/southamerica b/timezone/southamerica
index 3a61cd717a..ca6c492f3e 100644
--- a/timezone/southamerica
+++ b/timezone/southamerica
@@ -1,14 +1,14 @@
-# @(#)southamerica 8.1
+# @(#)southamerica 8.6
# <pre>
# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-07-07):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
-# Thomas G. Shanks, The International Atlas (5th edition),
-# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1999).
+# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
+# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
#
# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@
# published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
# of the IATA's data after 1990.
#
-# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks is the source for entries through 1990,
-# and IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
+# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
+# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
#
# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
@@ -92,8 +92,6 @@ Rule Arg 1988 only - Dec 1 0:00 1:00 S
# obtaining the data from the:
# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
-#
-# Shanks stops after 1992-03-01; go with Otero.
Rule Arg 1989 1993 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule Arg 1989 1992 - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
#
@@ -150,12 +148,12 @@ Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
# It's Law No. 7,210. This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
# now we'll assume it's for this year only.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2002-01-22):
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
# <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
-# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2000-10-01)
+# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08)
# </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25. Go with this more-precise value
-# over Shanks.
+# over Shanks & Pottenger.
#
# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
# These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
@@ -202,8 +200,8 @@ Rule Arg 2000 only - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html
# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html
-# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks through 1992, from
-# the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks says that
+# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992,
+# from the IATA otherwise. As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that
# America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, but we
# haven't verified this yet so for now we'll keep it a single region.
#
@@ -222,7 +220,7 @@ Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
# Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Santiago del Estero (SE), Cordoba (CB),
# San Luis (SL), La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
#
-# Shanks also makes the following claims, which we haven't verified:
+# Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
@@ -430,11 +428,7 @@ Zone America/La_Paz -4:32:36 - LMT 1890
# The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from
# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
-# </a> (2001-09-20, in Portuguese).
-# The official site for all decrees, including those not related to time, is
-# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/principal_ano.htm">
-# Presidencia da Republica, Subchefia para Assuntos Juridicos, Decretos
-# </a> (in Portuguese).
+# </a>.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
@@ -550,7 +544,7 @@ Rule Brazil 2000 only - Feb 27 0:00 0 -
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
Rule Brazil 2000 2001 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule Brazil 2001 max - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
+Rule Brazil 2001 2006 - Feb Sun>=15 0:00 0 -
# Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm"></a>
Rule Brazil 2002 only - Nov 3 0:00 1:00 S
@@ -562,10 +556,14 @@ Rule Brazil 2003 only - Oct 19 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Brazil 2004 only - Nov 2 0:00 1:00 S
# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif">5,539</a> (2005-09-19),
# adopted by the same states as before.
-Rule Brazil 2005 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2005 only - Oct 16 0:00 1:00 S
+# Decree <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2006/Decreto/D5920.htm">5,920</a>
+# (2006-10-03), adopted by the same states as before.
+Rule Brazil 2006 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Brazil 2007 max - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
# The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
# DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
-# For dates after mid-2006, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses
+# For dates after mid-2007, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses
# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
@@ -706,53 +704,64 @@ Zone America/Rio_Branco -4:31:12 - LMT 1914
# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
# on April 3, (one-time change).
-# From Gwillim Law (2001-05-04):
-# I came across another article in "La Tercera" about Chilean DST.
-# <http://www.tercera.cl/diario/2000/10/13/t-extras.html>
-# It clearly confirms my earlier suggestion, that DST begins at 22:00
-# on Easter Island.... But it also seems to be saying that the
-# observance of DST in Chile began in 1966, rather than 1969 as
-# ... [Shanks] has it....
-#
-# My translation:
-#
-# "The Chilean Army has announced that summer time will begin tomorrow,
-# Saturday, October 14 in continental Chile, insular Chile, and
-# Antarctica, as provided by Supreme Decree 25 of January 11, 1966.
-# By the preceding, official time in continental Chile and Chilean
-# Antarctic, and official time in Western Insular Chile, which applies
-# to Easter Island and Sala y Gomez Island, will be set forward at
-# midnight and at 22:00, respectively, by 20 minutes."
+# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08):
+# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
-# Go with this article in preference to Shanks's 1969 date for modern DST.
-# Assume this rule has been used since DST was introduced in the islands.
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-08):
+# I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link
+# from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4
+# ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15
+# (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but
+# anyhow it clears up some doubts too.
-# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-24):
-# <http://www.shoa.cl/shoa/faqhoraoficial.htm> gives many details that
-# disagree with the following table, but we haven't had time to compare them.
+# The following data are from <http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm>
+# (2006-09-20), transcribed by Jesper Norgaard Welen.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule Chile 1918 only - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule Chile 1919 only - Jul 2 0:00 0 -
-Rule Chile 1927 1931 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1927 1932 - Sep 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Chile 1928 1932 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
-Rule Chile 1966 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
-Rule Chile 1967 1998 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1942 only - Jun 1 4:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1942 only - Aug 1 5:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1946 only - Jul 15 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1946 only - Sep 1 3:00u 0:00 -
+Rule Chile 1947 only - Apr 1 4:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1968 only - Nov 3 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1969 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1969 only - Nov 23 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1970 only - Mar 29 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1971 only - Mar 14 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1970 1972 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1972 1986 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1973 only - Sep 30 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1974 1987 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1987 only - Apr 12 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1988 1989 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1988 only - Oct Sun>=1 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1989 only - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1990 only - Mar 18 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1990 only - Sep 16 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1991 1996 - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1991 1997 - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
+Rule Chile 1997 only - Mar 30 3:00u 0 -
+Rule Chile 1998 only - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
Rule Chile 1998 only - Sep 27 4:00u 1:00 S
Rule Chile 1999 only - Apr 4 3:00u 0 -
Rule Chile 1999 max - Oct Sun>=9 4:00u 1:00 S
Rule Chile 2000 max - Mar Sun>=9 3:00u 0 -
-# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1990-09) says 1990-09-16; (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
+# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08. Ignore these.
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
-Zone America/Santiago -4:42:40 - LMT 1890
- -4:42:40 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
- -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1932 Sep # Chile Time
+Zone America/Santiago -4:42:46 - LMT 1890
+ -4:42:46 - SMT 1910 # Santiago Mean Time
+ -5:00 - CLT 1916 Jul 1 # Chile Time
+ -4:42:46 - SMT 1918 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
+ -4:00 - CLT 1919 Jul 1 # Chile Time
+ -4:42:46 - SMT 1927 Sep 1 # Santiago Mean Time
+ -5:00 Chile CL%sT 1947 May 22 # Chile Time
-4:00 Chile CL%sT
Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
-7:17:28 - MMT 1932 Sep # Mataveri Mean Time
- -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Mar 14 # Easter I Time
+ -7:00 Chile EAS%sT 1982 Jan 18 21:00 # Easter I Time
-6:00 Chile EAS%sT
#
# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
@@ -760,11 +769,9 @@ Zone Pacific/Easter -7:17:28 - LMT 1890 # Mataveri
# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
# Colombia
-# Shanks specifies 24:00 for 1992 transition times; go with IATA,
-# as it seems implausible to change clocks at midnight New Year's Eve.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-Rule CO 1992 only - May 2 0:00 1:00 S
-Rule CO 1992 only - Dec 31 0:00 0 -
+Rule CO 1992 only - May 3 0:00 1:00 S
+Rule CO 1993 only - Apr 4 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
-4:56:20 - BMT 1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
@@ -773,10 +780,21 @@ Zone America/Bogota -4:56:20 - LMT 1884 Mar 13
# no information; probably like America/Bogota
# Curacao
-# Shanks says that Bottom and Oranjestad have been at -4:00 since
-# standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that Kralendijk and Rincon
-# used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.
-# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
+#
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
+# -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
+# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
+# 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01. The former is dubious, since S&P also say
+# Saba Island has been like Curacao.
+# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
+#
+# By July 2007 Curacao and St Maarten are planned to become
+# associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
+# Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
+# Netherlands as Kingdom Islands. This won't affect their time zones
+# though, as far as we know.
+#
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Curacao -4:35:44 - LMT 1912 Feb 12 # Willemstad
-4:30 - ANT 1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
@@ -793,9 +811,9 @@ Zone Pacific/Galapagos -5:58:24 - LMT 1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
# Falklands
-# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
-# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks and the IATA agree except
-# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
+# the IATA gives 1996-09-08. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
# via Jesper Norgaard:
@@ -878,9 +896,9 @@ Zone America/Guyana -3:52:40 - LMT 1915 Mar # Georgetown
-4:00 - GYT
# Paraguay
-# From Paul Eggert (1999-10-29):
-# Shanks (1999) says that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
-# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with earlier
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
+# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00. Go with pre-1999
# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Para 1975 1988 - Oct 1 0:00 1:00 S
@@ -911,13 +929,10 @@ Rule Para 1996 only - Mar 1 0:00 0 -
# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
#
-# From Jesper Norgaard (2001-03-06) [an official URL saying similar things]:
-# http://gateway.abc.com.py:8000/pub/pag04.mbr/artic?FHA=2001-03-03-02.24.52.900592
-#
Rule Para 1996 2001 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
-# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks.
+# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Para 1997 only - Feb lastSun 0:00 0 -
-# Shanks says 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
+# Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
Rule Para 1998 2001 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
# From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
@@ -931,7 +946,9 @@ Rule Para 2002 2003 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 S
# There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
# a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
-# Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05) <http://www.labor.com.py/noticias.asp?id=27>
+# Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
+# From Carlos Raul Perasso via Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
+# <http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf>
Rule Para 2004 max - Oct Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Para 2005 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00 0 -
@@ -949,8 +966,8 @@ Zone America/Asuncion -3:50:40 - LMT 1890
# When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
# sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
#
-# From Paul Eggert (2003-11-02):
-# Shanks doesn't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
+# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
+# Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition. Assume 1986 was like 1987.
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
Rule Peru 1938 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
@@ -961,7 +978,7 @@ Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1986 1987 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Peru 1990 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1990 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
-# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks.
+# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Peru 1994 only - Jan 1 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Peru 1994 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
@@ -994,23 +1011,23 @@ Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
# Uruguay
# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
-# From Shanks:
+# From Shanks & Pottenger:
# Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
-# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Uruguay 1923 only - Oct 2 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1924 1926 - Apr 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1924 1925 - Oct 1 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1933 1935 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
-# Shanks gives 1935 Apr 1 0:00 and 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
+# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
Rule Uruguay 1934 1936 - Mar Sat>=25 23:30s 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1936 only - Nov 1 0:00 0:30 HS
Rule Uruguay 1937 1941 - Mar lastSun 0:00 0 -
-# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks.
+# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
Rule Uruguay 1937 1940 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HS
# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
-# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks.
-Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0 -
-Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
+Rule Uruguay 1941 only - Aug 1 0:00 0:30 HS
+Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Jan 1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1942 only - Dec 14 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1943 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1959 only - May 24 0:00 1:00 S
@@ -1036,7 +1053,7 @@ Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Mar 14 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1988 only - Dec 11 0:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Mar 12 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1989 only - Oct 29 0:00 1:00 S
-# Shanks says no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
+# Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01. Go with IATA.
Rule Uruguay 1990 1992 - Mar Sun>=1 0:00 0 -
Rule Uruguay 1990 1991 - Oct Sun>=21 0:00 1:00 S
@@ -1057,6 +1074,10 @@ Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Mar 27 2:00 0 -
# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
Rule Uruguay 2005 only - Oct 9 2:00 1:00 S
Rule Uruguay 2006 only - Mar 12 2:00 0 -
+# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
+# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF
+Rule Uruguay 2006 max - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 S
+Rule Uruguay 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 -
# Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
Zone America/Montevideo -3:44:44 - LMT 1898 Jun 28
-3:44:44 - MMT 1920 May 1 # Montevideo MT