/* * Copyright (c) 2012 The WebM project authors. All Rights Reserved. * * Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license * that can be found in the LICENSE file in the root of the source * tree. An additional intellectual property rights grant can be found * in the file PATENTS. All contributing project authors may * be found in the AUTHORS file in the root of the source tree. */ // This is an example demonstrating how to implement a multi-layer VP9 // encoding scheme based on temporal scalability for video applications // that benefit from a scalable bitstream. #include #include #include #define VPX_CODEC_DISABLE_COMPAT 1 #include "vpx/vp8cx.h" #include "vpx/vpx_encoder.h" #include "./tools_common.h" #include "./video_writer.h" static const char *exec_name; void usage_exit() { exit(EXIT_FAILURE); } static int mode_to_num_layers[12] = {1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 3, 5, 2, 3, 3, 3}; // Temporal scaling parameters: // NOTE: The 3 prediction frames cannot be used interchangeably due to // differences in the way they are handled throughout the code. The // frames should be allocated to layers in the order LAST, GF, ARF. // Other combinations work, but may produce slightly inferior results. static void set_temporal_layer_pattern(int layering_mode, vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t *cfg, int *layer_flags, int *flag_periodicity) { switch (layering_mode) { case 0: { // 1-layer. int ids[1] = {0}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 1; *flag_periodicity = 1; cfg->ts_number_layers = 1; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // Update L only. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; break; } case 1: { // 2-layers, 2-frame period. int ids[2] = {0, 1}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 2; *flag_periodicity = 2; cfg->ts_number_layers = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); #if 1 // 0=L, 1=GF, Intra-layer prediction enabled. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF; layer_flags[1] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF; #else // 0=L, 1=GF, Intra-layer prediction disabled. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF; layer_flags[1] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST; #endif break; } case 2: { // 2-layers, 3-frame period. int ids[3] = {0, 1, 1}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 3; *flag_periodicity = 3; cfg->ts_number_layers = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 3; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // 0=L, 1=GF, Intra-layer prediction enabled. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[1] = layer_flags[2] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST; break; } case 3: { // 3-layers, 6-frame period. int ids[6] = {0, 2, 2, 1, 2, 2}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 6; *flag_periodicity = 6; cfg->ts_number_layers = 3; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 6; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 3; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[2] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // 0=L, 1=GF, 2=ARF, Intra-layer prediction enabled. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[3] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST; layer_flags[1] = layer_flags[2] = layer_flags[4] = layer_flags[5] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST; break; } case 4: { // 3-layers, 4-frame period. int ids[4] = {0, 2, 1, 2}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 4; *flag_periodicity = 4; cfg->ts_number_layers = 3; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 4; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[2] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // 0=L, 1=GF, 2=ARF, Intra-layer prediction disabled. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[2] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST; layer_flags[1] = layer_flags[3] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; break; } case 5: { // 3-layers, 4-frame period. int ids[4] = {0, 2, 1, 2}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 4; *flag_periodicity = 4; cfg->ts_number_layers = 3; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 4; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[2] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // 0=L, 1=GF, 2=ARF, Intra-layer prediction enabled in layer 1, disabled // in layer 2. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[2] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[1] = layer_flags[3] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; break; } case 6: { // 3-layers, 4-frame period. int ids[4] = {0, 2, 1, 2}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 4; *flag_periodicity = 4; cfg->ts_number_layers = 3; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 4; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[2] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // 0=L, 1=GF, 2=ARF, Intra-layer prediction enabled. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[2] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[1] = layer_flags[3] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF; break; } case 7: { // NOTE: Probably of academic interest only. // 5-layers, 16-frame period. int ids[16] = {0, 4, 3, 4, 2, 4, 3, 4, 1, 4, 3, 4, 2, 4, 3, 4}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 16; *flag_periodicity = 16; cfg->ts_number_layers = 5; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 16; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 8; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[2] = 4; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[3] = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[4] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF; layer_flags[1] = layer_flags[3] = layer_flags[5] = layer_flags[7] = layer_flags[9] = layer_flags[11] = layer_flags[13] = layer_flags[15] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[2] = layer_flags[6] = layer_flags[10] = layer_flags[14] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF; layer_flags[4] = layer_flags[12] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[8] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF; break; } case 8: { // 2-layers, with sync point at first frame of layer 1. int ids[2] = {0, 1}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 2; *flag_periodicity = 8; cfg->ts_number_layers = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // 0=L, 1=GF. // ARF is used as predictor for all frames, and is only updated on // key frame. Sync point every 8 frames. // Layer 0: predict from L and ARF, update L and G. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; // Layer 1: sync point: predict from L and ARF, and update G. layer_flags[1] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; // Layer 0, predict from L and ARF, update L. layer_flags[2] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; // Layer 1: predict from L, G and ARF, and update G. layer_flags[3] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY; // Layer 0. layer_flags[4] = layer_flags[2]; // Layer 1. layer_flags[5] = layer_flags[3]; // Layer 0. layer_flags[6] = layer_flags[4]; // Layer 1. layer_flags[7] = layer_flags[5]; break; } case 9: { // 3-layers: Sync points for layer 1 and 2 every 8 frames. int ids[4] = {0, 2, 1, 2}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 4; *flag_periodicity = 8; cfg->ts_number_layers = 3; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 4; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[2] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // 0=L, 1=GF, 2=ARF. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[1] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF; layer_flags[2] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[3] = layer_flags[5] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF; layer_flags[4] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[6] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF; layer_flags[7] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY; break; } case 10: { // 3-layers structure where ARF is used as predictor for all frames, // and is only updated on key frame. // Sync points for layer 1 and 2 every 8 frames. int ids[4] = {0, 2, 1, 2}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 4; *flag_periodicity = 8; cfg->ts_number_layers = 3; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 4; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[2] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // 0=L, 1=GF, 2=ARF. // Layer 0: predict from L and ARF; update L and G. layer_flags[0] = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF; // Layer 2: sync point: predict from L and ARF; update none. layer_flags[1] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY; // Layer 1: sync point: predict from L and ARF; update G. layer_flags[2] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST; // Layer 2: predict from L, G, ARF; update none. layer_flags[3] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY; // Layer 0: predict from L and ARF; update L. layer_flags[4] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF; // Layer 2: predict from L, G, ARF; update none. layer_flags[5] = layer_flags[3]; // Layer 1: predict from L, G, ARF; update G. layer_flags[6] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST; // Layer 2: predict from L, G, ARF; update none. layer_flags[7] = layer_flags[3]; break; } case 11: default: { // 3-layers structure as in case 10, but no sync/refresh points for // layer 1 and 2. int ids[4] = {0, 2, 1, 2}; cfg->ts_periodicity = 4; *flag_periodicity = 8; cfg->ts_number_layers = 3; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[0] = 4; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[1] = 2; cfg->ts_rate_decimator[2] = 1; memcpy(cfg->ts_layer_id, ids, sizeof(ids)); // 0=L, 1=GF, 2=ARF. // Layer 0: predict from L and ARF; update L. layer_flags[0] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF; layer_flags[4] = layer_flags[0]; // Layer 1: predict from L, G, ARF; update G. layer_flags[2] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST; layer_flags[6] = layer_flags[2]; // Layer 2: predict from L, G, ARF; update none. layer_flags[1] = VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST | VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ENTROPY; layer_flags[3] = layer_flags[1]; layer_flags[5] = layer_flags[1]; layer_flags[7] = layer_flags[1]; break; } } } int main(int argc, char **argv) { VpxVideoWriter *outfile[VPX_TS_MAX_LAYERS]; vpx_codec_ctx_t codec; vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t cfg; int frame_cnt = 0; vpx_image_t raw; vpx_codec_err_t res; unsigned int width; unsigned int height; int frame_avail; int got_data; int flags = 0; int i; int pts = 0; // PTS starts at 0. int frame_duration = 1; // 1 timebase tick per frame. int layering_mode = 0; int frames_in_layer[VPX_TS_MAX_LAYERS] = {0}; int layer_flags[VPX_TS_MAX_PERIODICITY] = {0}; int flag_periodicity = 1; int max_intra_size_pct; vpx_svc_layer_id_t layer_id = {0, 0}; char *codec_type; const vpx_codec_iface_t *(*interface)(void); unsigned int fourcc; struct VpxInputContext input_ctx = {0}; exec_name = argv[0]; // Check usage and arguments. if (argc < 10) { die("Usage: %s " " ... \n", argv[0]); } codec_type = argv[3]; if (strncmp(codec_type, "vp9", 3) == 0) { #if CONFIG_VP9_ENCODER interface = vpx_codec_vp9_cx; fourcc = VP9_FOURCC; #else die("Encoder vp9 selected but not configured"); #endif } else { #if CONFIG_VP8_ENCODER interface = vpx_codec_vp8_cx; fourcc = VP8_FOURCC; #else die("Encoder vp8 selected but not configured"); #endif } printf("Using %s\n", vpx_codec_iface_name(interface())); width = strtol(argv[4], NULL, 0); height = strtol(argv[5], NULL, 0); if (width < 16 || width % 2 || height < 16 || height % 2) { die("Invalid resolution: %d x %d", width, height); } layering_mode = strtol(argv[8], NULL, 0); if (layering_mode < 0 || layering_mode > 11) { die("Invalid mode (0..11) %s", argv[8]); } if (argc != 9 + mode_to_num_layers[layering_mode]) { die("Invalid number of arguments"); } if (!vpx_img_alloc(&raw, VPX_IMG_FMT_I420, width, height, 32)) { die("Failed to allocate image", width, height); } // Populate encoder configuration. res = vpx_codec_enc_config_default(interface(), &cfg, 0); if (res) { printf("Failed to get config: %s\n", vpx_codec_err_to_string(res)); return EXIT_FAILURE; } // Update the default configuration with our settings. cfg.g_w = width; cfg.g_h = height; // Timebase format e.g. 30fps: numerator=1, demoninator = 30. cfg.g_timebase.num = strtol(argv[6], NULL, 0); cfg.g_timebase.den = strtol(argv[7], NULL, 0); for (i = 9; i < 9 + mode_to_num_layers[layering_mode]; ++i) { cfg.ts_target_bitrate[i - 9] = strtol(argv[i], NULL, 0); } // Real time parameters. cfg.rc_dropframe_thresh = 0; cfg.rc_end_usage = VPX_CBR; cfg.rc_resize_allowed = 0; cfg.rc_min_quantizer = 2; cfg.rc_max_quantizer = 56; cfg.rc_undershoot_pct = 100; cfg.rc_overshoot_pct = 15; cfg.rc_buf_initial_sz = 500; cfg.rc_buf_optimal_sz = 600; cfg.rc_buf_sz = 1000; // Enable error resilient mode. cfg.g_error_resilient = 1; cfg.g_lag_in_frames = 0; cfg.kf_mode = VPX_KF_DISABLED; // Disable automatic keyframe placement. cfg.kf_min_dist = cfg.kf_max_dist = 3000; // Default setting for bitrate: used in special case of 1 layer (case 0). cfg.rc_target_bitrate = cfg.ts_target_bitrate[0]; set_temporal_layer_pattern(layering_mode, &cfg, layer_flags, &flag_periodicity); // Open input file. input_ctx.filename = argv[1]; if (!(input_ctx.file = fopen(input_ctx.filename, "rb"))) { die("Failed to open %s for reading", argv[1]); } // Open an output file for each stream. for (i = 0; i < cfg.ts_number_layers; ++i) { char file_name[PATH_MAX]; VpxVideoInfo info; info.codec_fourcc = fourcc; info.frame_width = cfg.g_w; info.frame_height = cfg.g_h; info.time_base.numerator = cfg.g_timebase.num; info.time_base.denominator = cfg.g_timebase.den; snprintf(file_name, sizeof(file_name), "%s_%d.ivf", argv[2], i); outfile[i] = vpx_video_writer_open(file_name, kContainerIVF, &info); if (!outfile[i]) die("Failed to open %s for writing", file_name); } // No spatial layers in this encoder. cfg.ss_number_layers = 1; // Initialize codec. if (vpx_codec_enc_init(&codec, interface(), &cfg, 0)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to initialize encoder"); vpx_codec_control(&codec, VP8E_SET_CPUUSED, -6); vpx_codec_control(&codec, VP8E_SET_NOISE_SENSITIVITY, 1); if (strncmp(codec_type, "vp9", 3) == 0) { vpx_codec_control(&codec, VP8E_SET_CPUUSED, 3); vpx_codec_control(&codec, VP8E_SET_NOISE_SENSITIVITY, 0); if (vpx_codec_control(&codec, VP9E_SET_SVC, 1)) { die_codec(&codec, "Failed to set SVC"); } } vpx_codec_control(&codec, VP8E_SET_STATIC_THRESHOLD, 1); vpx_codec_control(&codec, VP8E_SET_TOKEN_PARTITIONS, 1); max_intra_size_pct = (int) (((double)cfg.rc_buf_optimal_sz * 0.5) * ((double) cfg.g_timebase.den / cfg.g_timebase.num) / 10.0); vpx_codec_control(&codec, VP8E_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT, max_intra_size_pct); frame_avail = 1; while (frame_avail || got_data) { vpx_codec_iter_t iter = NULL; const vpx_codec_cx_pkt_t *pkt; // Update the temporal layer_id. No spatial layers in this test. layer_id.spatial_layer_id = 0; layer_id.temporal_layer_id = cfg.ts_layer_id[frame_cnt % cfg.ts_periodicity]; vpx_codec_control(&codec, VP9E_SET_SVC_LAYER_ID, &layer_id); flags = layer_flags[frame_cnt % flag_periodicity]; frame_avail = !read_yuv_frame(&input_ctx, &raw); if (vpx_codec_encode(&codec, frame_avail? &raw : NULL, pts, 1, flags, VPX_DL_REALTIME)) { die_codec(&codec, "Failed to encode frame"); } // Reset KF flag. if (layering_mode != 7) { layer_flags[0] &= ~VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF; } got_data = 0; while ( (pkt = vpx_codec_get_cx_data(&codec, &iter)) ) { got_data = 1; switch (pkt->kind) { case VPX_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT: for (i = cfg.ts_layer_id[frame_cnt % cfg.ts_periodicity]; i < cfg.ts_number_layers; ++i) { vpx_video_writer_write_frame(outfile[i], pkt->data.frame.buf, pkt->data.frame.sz, pts); ++frames_in_layer[i]; } break; default: break; } } ++frame_cnt; pts += frame_duration; } fclose(input_ctx.file); printf("Processed %d frames: \n", frame_cnt - 1); if (vpx_codec_destroy(&codec)) die_codec(&codec, "Failed to destroy codec"); // Try to rewrite the output file headers with the actual frame count. for (i = 0; i < cfg.ts_number_layers; ++i) vpx_video_writer_close(outfile[i]); return EXIT_SUCCESS; }