SVC improvements

These changes were originally made in the Stratacaster team-review repository

commit e114bffcd82ad74c3696ec58e13c0ac895d6c82d
Author: Charles 'Buck' Krasic <ckrasic@google.com>
Date:   Mon Oct 14 16:52:13 2013 -0700

    Make dummy frame handling a bit more explicit, fixing bug
    with single layer encodes.

Squashed commit of the following:

commit 1ebbfd976c0fadb02bf1ea562a2d0e3f0206daad
Merge: ac468dd 54e88b7
Author: Ivan Maltz <ivanmaltz@google.com>
Date:   Fri Oct 11 17:29:58 2013 -0700

    Move SVC code from vp9_spatial_scalable_encoder to libvpx module accessible from ffmpeg

commit 54e88b78b160becc9569fc3c6cb6b0a8c95dc357
Author: Ivan Maltz <ivanmaltz@google.com>
Date:   Tue Oct 8 09:08:40 2013 -0700

    common svc encoding code for sample app and ffmpeg

    added svc_encodeframe.c, svc_context.h, svc_test.cc

    vp9_spatial_scalable_encoder uses vpx_svc_encode

commit 5616ec8e2e3d3e8d277333d8a9242f6c70151162
Merge: 4528014 e29137d
Author: Ivan Maltz <ivanmaltz@google.com>
Date:   Tue Oct 8 08:47:58 2013 -0700

    Merge branch 'master' into stratacaster

commit 45280148450b1f3d61e390df8aadedf85cd5bce1
Merge: bb2b675 1ab60f7
Author: Sujeevan Rajayogam <sujee@google.com>
Date:   Fri Oct 4 10:22:31 2013 -0700

    Merge branch 'master' into stratacaster

commit bb2b675e595dc9bfc8551e963edf56800c3aea61
Author: Sujeevan Rajayogam <sujee@google.com>
Date:   Wed Oct 2 12:37:26 2013 -0700

    Track individual frame sizes and psnrs instead of averages.

commit c6d303b714795c81e7ceb4173967115c9f8ff5b7
Merge: fa87df9 3583087
Author: Sujeevan Rajayogam <sujee@google.com>
Date:   Fri Sep 27 10:05:35 2013 -0700

    Merge branch 'master' into stratacaster

commit fa87df94fba923d9f7aeb8ae20c6e15f777e00b5
Merge: bf22d71 3c465af
Author: Sujeevan Rajayogam <sujee@google.com>
Date:   Thu Sep 26 16:10:31 2013 -0700

    Merge branch 'master' into stratacaster

commit bf22d7144895a82e0c348ac177c8a261b9e2b88e
Author: Sujeevan Rajayogam <sujee@google.com>
Date:   Thu Sep 26 11:10:34 2013 -0700

    Parameterized quantizer, 16th scalefactors, more logging, enabled single layer encodes to generate baseline.

commit ceffd7e6025b765f9886b5ea0f324248aa37e327
Author: Sujeevan Rajayogam <sujee@google.com>
Date:   Thu Sep 19 10:04:49 2013 -0700

    - Include new mode for 3 layer I frame with 5 total layers.
    - Refactor svc api.

Change-Id: Ie4d775e21e006fa597d884c59488dc999478e9b5

1 files changed, 793 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/vpx/src/svc_encodeframe.c b/vpx/src/svc_encodeframe.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c2f65a785
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vpx/src/svc_encodeframe.c
@@ -0,0 +1,793 @@
+/**
+ * @file
+ * VP9 SVC encoding support via libvpx
+ */
+
+#define VPX_DISABLE_CTRL_TYPECHECKS 1
+#define VPX_CODEC_DISABLE_COMPAT 1
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include "vpx/vpx_encoder.h"
+#include "vpx/vp8cx.h"
+#include "vpx/svc_context.h"
+
+#define SVC_REFERENCE_FRAMES 8
+
+static const char* DEFAULT_QUANTIZER_VALUES = "60,53,39,33,27";
+static const char* DEFAULT_SCALE_FACTORS = "4/16,5/16,7/16,11/16,16/16";
+static char* colors[VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS] = {"\x1B[35m", "\x1B[32m", "\x1B[33m",
+                                          "\x1B[34m", "\x1B[36m"};
+static char* normal_color = "\x1B[0m";
+
+typedef struct SvcInternal {
+  // values extracted from options
+  int scaling_factor_num[VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS];
+  int scaling_factor_den[VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS];
+  int quantizer[VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS];
+
+  // accumulated statistics
+  double psnr_in_layer[VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS];
+  int bytes_in_layer[VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS];
+
+  // codec encoding values
+  int width;
+  int height;
+
+  // state variables
+  int encode_frame_count;
+  int frame_within_gop;
+  vpx_enc_frame_flags_t enc_frame_flags;
+  int layers;
+  int layer;
+  int is_keyframe;
+
+  size_t frame_size;
+  size_t buffer_size;
+  void* buffer;
+
+  char message_buffer[2048];
+  vpx_codec_ctx_t* codec_ctx;
+} SvcInternal;
+
+// One encoded frame layer
+struct LayerData {
+  void* buf;    // compressed data buffer
+  size_t size;  // length of compressed data
+  struct LayerData* next;
+};
+
+// forward references
+static void svc_log_reset(SvcContext* svc_ctx);
+static int svc_log(SvcContext* svc_ctx, int level, char* fmt, ...);
+static vpx_codec_err_t svc_parse_input_parameters(SvcContext* svc_ctx);
+static int vpx_svc_dummy_frame(SvcContext* svc_ctx, SvcInternal* si);
+
+// create LayerData from encoder output
+static struct LayerData* ld_create(void* buf, size_t size) {
+  struct LayerData* layer_data;
+
+  layer_data = malloc(sizeof(struct LayerData));
+  if (layer_data == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  layer_data->buf = malloc(size);
+  if (layer_data->buf == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  memcpy(layer_data->buf, buf, size);
+  layer_data->size = size;
+  return layer_data;
+}
+
+// free LayerData
+static void ld_free(struct LayerData* layer_data) {
+  if (layer_data->buf) {
+    free(layer_data->buf);
+    layer_data->buf = NULL;
+  }
+  free(layer_data);
+}
+
+// add layer data to list
+static void ld_list_add(struct LayerData** list, struct LayerData* layer_data) {
+  struct LayerData** p = list;
+
+  while (*p != NULL) p = &(*p)->next;
+  *p = layer_data;
+  layer_data->next = NULL;
+}
+
+// get accumulated size of layer data
+static size_t ld_list_get_buffer_size(struct LayerData* list) {
+  struct LayerData* p;
+  size_t size = 0;
+
+  for (p = list; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
+    size += p->size;
+  }
+  return size;
+}
+
+// copy layer data to buffer
+static void ld_list_copy_to_buffer(struct LayerData* list, uint8_t* buffer) {
+  struct LayerData* p;
+
+  for (p = list; p != NULL; p = p->next) {
+    buffer[0] = 1;
+    memcpy(buffer, p->buf, p->size);
+    buffer += p->size;
+  }
+}
+
+// free layer data list
+static void ld_list_free(struct LayerData* list) {
+  struct LayerData* p = list;
+
+  while (p) {
+    list = list->next;
+    ld_free(p);
+    p = list;
+  }
+}
+
+// Superframe Index
+#define SUPERFRAME_SLOTS (8)
+#define SUPERFRAME_BUFFER_SIZE (SUPERFRAME_SLOTS * sizeof(uint32_t) + 2)
+
+struct Superframe {
+  int count;
+  uint32_t sizes[SUPERFRAME_SLOTS];
+  uint32_t magnitude;
+  uint8_t buffer[SUPERFRAME_BUFFER_SIZE];
+  size_t index_size;
+};
+
+static void sf_create_index(struct Superframe* sf) {
+  uint8_t marker = 0xc0;
+  int mag, mask;
+  uint8_t* bufp;
+  int i, j;
+  int this_sz;
+
+  if (sf->count == 0 || sf->count >= 8) return;
+
+  /* Add the number of frames to the marker byte */
+  marker |= sf->count - 1;
+
+  /* Choose the magnitude */
+  for (mag = 0, mask = 0xff; mag < 4; mag++) {
+    if (sf->magnitude < mask) break;
+    mask <<= 8;
+    mask |= 0xff;
+  }
+  marker |= mag << 3;
+
+  /* Write the index */
+  sf->index_size = 2 + (mag + 1) * sf->count;
+  bufp = sf->buffer;
+
+  *bufp++ = marker;
+  for (i = 0; i < sf->count; i++) {
+    this_sz = sf->sizes[i];
+
+    for (j = 0; j <= mag; j++) {
+      *bufp++ = this_sz & 0xff;
+      this_sz >>= 8;
+    }
+  }
+  *bufp++ = marker;
+}
+
+static vpx_codec_err_t svc_invalid_scale_factor(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR, "svc-scale-factors: invalid value\n");
+  return VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+}
+
+static vpx_codec_err_t svc_parse_input_parameters(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  char* input_string;
+  char* token;
+  const char* delim = ",";
+  char* save_ptr;
+  int found;
+  int i, q;
+  int64_t num, den;
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+
+  // parse quantizer_values
+  if (svc_ctx->quantizer_values == NULL ||
+      strlen(svc_ctx->quantizer_values) == 0) {
+    input_string = strdup(DEFAULT_QUANTIZER_VALUES);
+  } else {
+    input_string = strdup(svc_ctx->quantizer_values);
+  }
+
+  found = 0;
+  token = strtok_r(input_string, delim, &save_ptr);
+  for (i = 0; i < si->layers; i++) {
+    if (token != NULL) {
+      q = atoi(token);
+      if (q <= 0 || q > 100) {
+        svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR,
+                "svc-quantizer-values: invalid value\n");
+        return VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+      }
+      token = strtok_r(NULL, delim, &save_ptr);
+      found = i + 1;
+    } else {
+      q = 0;
+    }
+    si->quantizer[i + VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS - si->layers] = q;
+  }
+  free(input_string);
+  if (found != si->layers) {
+    svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR,
+            "svc-quantizer-values: %d values required, but only %d specified\n",
+            si->layers, found);
+    return VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+  }
+
+  // parse scale_factors
+  if (svc_ctx->scale_factors == NULL || strlen(svc_ctx->scale_factors) == 0) {
+    input_string = strdup(DEFAULT_SCALE_FACTORS);
+  } else {
+    input_string = strdup(svc_ctx->scale_factors);
+  }
+  found = 0;
+  token = strtok_r(input_string, delim, &save_ptr);
+  for (i = 0; i < si->layers; i++) {
+    num = den = 1;
+    if (token != NULL) {
+      num = strtol(token, &token, 10);
+      if (num <= 0) return svc_invalid_scale_factor(svc_ctx);
+      if (*token++ != '/') return svc_invalid_scale_factor(svc_ctx);
+      den = strtol(token, &token, 10);
+      if (den <= 0) return svc_invalid_scale_factor(svc_ctx);
+
+      token = strtok_r(NULL, delim, &save_ptr);
+      found = i + 1;
+    }
+    si->scaling_factor_num[i + VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS - si->layers] = (int)num;
+    si->scaling_factor_den[i + VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS - si->layers] = (int)den;
+  }
+  free(input_string);
+  if (found != si->layers) {
+    svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR,
+            "svc-scale-factors: %d values required, but only %d specified\n",
+            si->layers, found);
+    return VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+  }
+  return VPX_CODEC_OK;
+}
+
+vpx_codec_err_t vpx_svc_init(SvcContext* svc_ctx, vpx_codec_ctx_t* codec_ctx,
+                             vpx_codec_iface_t* iface,
+                             vpx_codec_enc_cfg_t* enc_cfg) {
+  int max_intra_size_pct;
+  vpx_codec_err_t res;
+  SvcInternal* si;
+
+  if (svc_ctx->internal == NULL) {
+    svc_ctx->internal = malloc(sizeof(SvcInternal));
+  }
+  si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+  memset(si, 0, sizeof(SvcInternal));
+  si->codec_ctx = codec_ctx;
+
+  if (svc_ctx->spatial_layers < 1 ||
+      svc_ctx->spatial_layers > VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS) {
+    svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR, "spatial layers: invalid value: %d\n",
+            svc_ctx->spatial_layers);
+    return VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+  }
+
+  if (svc_ctx->gop_size < 2) {
+    svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR, "gop_size too small: %d\n",
+            svc_ctx->gop_size);
+    return VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+  }
+
+  si->width = enc_cfg->g_w;
+  si->height = enc_cfg->g_h;
+
+  // use SvcInternal value for number of layers to enable forcing one layer
+  // for first frame
+  si->layers = svc_ctx->spatial_layers;
+
+  // parse quantizer values and scale factors
+  res = svc_parse_input_parameters(svc_ctx);
+  if (res != VPX_CODEC_OK) return res;
+
+  // initialize encoder configuration
+  enc_cfg->ss_number_layers = si->layers;
+  // force single pass
+  enc_cfg->g_pass = VPX_RC_ONE_PASS;
+  // Lag in frames not currently supported
+  enc_cfg->g_lag_in_frames = 0;
+
+  // TODO(ivanmaltz): determine if these values need to be set explicitly for
+  // svc, or if the normal default/override mechanism can be used
+  enc_cfg->rc_dropframe_thresh = 0;
+  enc_cfg->rc_end_usage = VPX_CBR;
+  enc_cfg->rc_resize_allowed = 0;
+  enc_cfg->rc_min_quantizer = 33;
+  enc_cfg->rc_max_quantizer = 33;
+  enc_cfg->rc_undershoot_pct = 100;
+  enc_cfg->rc_overshoot_pct = 15;
+  enc_cfg->rc_buf_initial_sz = 500;
+  enc_cfg->rc_buf_optimal_sz = 600;
+  enc_cfg->rc_buf_sz = 1000;
+
+  enc_cfg->g_error_resilient = 1;
+  enc_cfg->kf_mode = VPX_KF_DISABLED;
+  enc_cfg->kf_min_dist = enc_cfg->kf_max_dist = 3000;
+
+  // Initialize codec
+  res = vpx_codec_enc_init(codec_ctx, iface, enc_cfg, VPX_CODEC_USE_PSNR);
+  if (res != VPX_CODEC_OK) {
+    svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR, "svc_enc_init error\n");
+    return res;
+  }
+
+  vpx_codec_control(codec_ctx, VP9E_SET_SVC, 1);
+
+  // Cap CPU & first I-frame size
+  vpx_codec_control(codec_ctx, VP8E_SET_CPUUSED, 1);
+  vpx_codec_control(codec_ctx, VP8E_SET_STATIC_THRESHOLD, 1);
+  vpx_codec_control(codec_ctx, VP8E_SET_NOISE_SENSITIVITY, 1);
+  vpx_codec_control(codec_ctx, VP8E_SET_TOKEN_PARTITIONS, 1);
+
+  max_intra_size_pct =
+      (int)(((double)enc_cfg->rc_buf_optimal_sz * 0.5) *
+            ((double)enc_cfg->g_timebase.den / enc_cfg->g_timebase.num) / 10.0);
+  vpx_codec_control(codec_ctx, VP8E_SET_MAX_INTRA_BITRATE_PCT,
+                    max_intra_size_pct);
+  return VPX_CODEC_OK;
+}
+
+// SVC Algorithm flags - these get mapped to VP8_EFLAG_* defined in vp8cx.h
+
+// encoder should reference the last frame
+#define USE_LAST (1 << 0)
+
+// encoder should reference the alt ref frame
+#define USE_ARF (1 << 1)
+
+// encoder should reference the golden frame
+#define USE_GF (1 << 2)
+
+// encoder should copy current frame to the last frame buffer
+#define UPDATE_LAST (1 << 3)
+
+// encoder should copy current frame to the alt ref frame buffer
+#define UPDATE_ARF (1 << 4)
+
+// encoder should copy current frame to the golden frame
+#define UPDATE_GF (1 << 5)
+
+static int map_vp8_flags(int svc_flags) {
+  int flags = 0;
+
+  if (!(svc_flags & USE_LAST)) flags |= VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST;
+
+  if (!(svc_flags & USE_ARF)) flags |= VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF;
+
+  if (!(svc_flags & USE_GF)) flags |= VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF;
+
+  if (svc_flags & UPDATE_LAST) {
+    // last is updated automatically
+  } else {
+    flags |= VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST;
+  }
+
+  if (svc_flags & UPDATE_ARF) {
+    flags |= VP8_EFLAG_FORCE_ARF;
+  } else {
+    flags |= VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF;
+  }
+
+  if (svc_flags & UPDATE_GF) {
+    flags |= VP8_EFLAG_FORCE_GF;
+  } else {
+    flags |= VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF;
+  }
+
+  return flags;
+}
+
+static void calculate_enc_frame_flags(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  vpx_enc_frame_flags_t flags = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+
+  int is_keyframe = (si->frame_within_gop == 0);
+
+  // keyframe layer zero is identical for all modes
+  if ((is_keyframe && si->layer == 0) || vpx_svc_dummy_frame(svc_ctx, si)) {
+    si->enc_frame_flags = VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF;
+    return;
+  }
+
+  switch (svc_ctx->encoding_mode) {
+    case ALT_INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP:
+      if (si->layer == 0) {
+        flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | UPDATE_LAST);
+      } else if (is_keyframe) {
+        if (si->layer == si->layers - 1) {
+          flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_ARF | UPDATE_LAST);
+        } else {
+          flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_ARF | UPDATE_LAST | UPDATE_GF);
+        }
+      } else {
+        flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | USE_ARF | UPDATE_LAST);
+      }
+      break;
+    case INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_I:
+      if (si->layer == 0) {
+        flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | UPDATE_LAST);
+      } else if (is_keyframe) {
+        flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_ARF | UPDATE_LAST);
+      } else {
+        flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | UPDATE_LAST);
+      }
+      break;
+    case INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP:
+      if (si->layer == 0) {
+        flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | UPDATE_LAST);
+      } else if (is_keyframe) {
+        flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_ARF | UPDATE_LAST);
+      } else {
+        flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | USE_ARF | UPDATE_LAST);
+      }
+      break;
+    case USE_GOLDEN_FRAME:
+      if (2 * si->layers - SVC_REFERENCE_FRAMES <= si->layer) {
+        if (si->layer == 0) {
+          flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | USE_GF | UPDATE_LAST);
+        } else if (is_keyframe) {
+          flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_ARF | UPDATE_LAST | UPDATE_GF);
+        } else {
+          flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | USE_ARF | USE_GF | UPDATE_LAST);
+        }
+      } else {
+        if (si->layer == 0) {
+          flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | UPDATE_LAST);
+        } else if (is_keyframe) {
+          flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_ARF | UPDATE_LAST);
+        } else {
+          flags = map_vp8_flags(USE_LAST | UPDATE_LAST);
+        }
+      }
+      break;
+    default:
+      svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR, "unexpected encoding mode: %d\n",
+              svc_ctx->encoding_mode);
+      break;
+  }
+  si->enc_frame_flags = flags;
+}
+
+vpx_codec_err_t svc_get_layer_resolution(SvcContext* svc_ctx, int layer,
+                                         unsigned int* width,
+                                         unsigned int* height) {
+  int w, h, index, num, den;
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+
+  if (layer < 0 || layer >= si->layers) return VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+  index = layer + VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS - si->layers;
+  num = si->scaling_factor_num[index];
+  den = si->scaling_factor_den[index];
+  if (num == 0 || den == 0) return VPX_CODEC_INVALID_PARAM;
+
+  w = si->width * num / den;
+  h = si->height * num / den;
+
+  // make height and width even to make chrome player happy
+  w += w % 2;
+  h += h % 2;
+
+  *width = w;
+  *height = h;
+
+  return VPX_CODEC_OK;
+}
+
+static void set_svc_parameters(SvcContext* svc_ctx,
+                               vpx_codec_ctx_t* codec_ctx) {
+  int layer, layer_index;
+  vpx_svc_parameters_t svc_params;
+  int use_higher_layer;
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+
+  memset(&svc_params, 0, sizeof(svc_params));
+  svc_params.layer = si->layer;
+  svc_params.flags = si->enc_frame_flags;
+
+  layer = si->layer;
+  if (svc_ctx->encoding_mode == ALT_INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP &&
+      si->frame_within_gop == 0) {
+    // layers 1 & 3 don't exist in this mode, use the higher one
+    if (layer == 0 || layer == 2) {
+      layer += 1;
+    }
+  }
+  if (VPX_CODEC_OK != svc_get_layer_resolution(svc_ctx, layer,
+                                               &svc_params.width,
+                                               &svc_params.height)) {
+    svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR, "svc_get_layer_resolution failed\n");
+  }
+  layer_index = layer + VPX_SS_MAX_LAYERS - si->layers;
+  svc_params.min_quantizer = si->quantizer[layer_index];
+  svc_params.max_quantizer = si->quantizer[layer_index];
+  svc_params.distance_from_i_frame = si->frame_within_gop;
+
+  // Use buffer i for layer i LST
+  svc_params.lst_fb_idx = si->layer;
+
+  // Use buffer i-1 for layer i Alt (Inter-layer prediction)
+  if (si->layer != 0) {
+    use_higher_layer =
+        svc_ctx->encoding_mode == ALT_INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP &&
+        si->frame_within_gop == 0;
+    svc_params.alt_fb_idx = use_higher_layer ? si->layer - 2 : si->layer - 1;
+  }
+
+  if (svc_ctx->encoding_mode == ALT_INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP) {
+    svc_params.gld_fb_idx = si->layer + 1;
+  } else {
+    if (si->layer < 2 * si->layers - SVC_REFERENCE_FRAMES)
+      svc_params.gld_fb_idx = svc_params.lst_fb_idx;
+    else
+      svc_params.gld_fb_idx = 2 * si->layers - 1 - si->layer;
+  }
+
+  svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG, "%sSVC frame: %d, layer: %d, %dx%d, q: %d\n",
+          svc_ctx->log_print ? colors[si->layer] : "",  //
+          si->encode_frame_count, si->layer, svc_params.width,
+          svc_params.height, svc_params.min_quantizer);
+
+  if (svc_params.flags == VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF) {
+    svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG, "flags == VPX_EFLAG_FORCE_KF\n");
+  } else {
+    svc_log(
+        svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG, "Using:    LST/GLD/ALT [%2d|%2d|%2d]\n",
+        svc_params.flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_LAST ? -1 : svc_params.lst_fb_idx,
+        svc_params.flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_GF ? -1 : svc_params.gld_fb_idx,
+        svc_params.flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_REF_ARF ? -1 : svc_params.alt_fb_idx);
+    svc_log(
+        svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG, "Updating: LST/GLD/ALT [%2d|%2d|%2d]\n",
+        svc_params.flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_LAST ? -1 : svc_params.lst_fb_idx,
+        svc_params.flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_GF ? -1 : svc_params.gld_fb_idx,
+        svc_params.flags & VP8_EFLAG_NO_UPD_ARF ? -1 : svc_params.alt_fb_idx);
+  }
+
+  vpx_codec_control(codec_ctx, VP9E_SET_SVC_PARAMETERS, &svc_params);
+}
+
+/**
+ * Helper to check if the current frame is the first, full resolution dummy.
+ */
+static int vpx_svc_dummy_frame(SvcContext* svc_ctx, SvcInternal* si) {
+  return svc_ctx->first_frame_full_size == 1 && si->encode_frame_count == 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * Encode a frame into multiple layers
+ * Create a superframe containing the individual layers
+ */
+vpx_codec_err_t vpx_svc_encode(SvcContext* svc_ctx, vpx_codec_ctx_t* codec_ctx,
+                               struct vpx_image* rawimg, vpx_codec_pts_t pts,
+                               int64_t duration, int deadline) {
+  vpx_codec_err_t res;
+  vpx_codec_iter_t iter;
+  const vpx_codec_cx_pkt_t* cx_pkt;
+  struct LayerData* cx_layer_list = NULL;
+  struct LayerData* layer_data;
+  size_t frame_pkt_size;
+  struct Superframe superframe;
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+
+  memset(&superframe, 0, sizeof(superframe));
+  svc_log_reset(svc_ctx);
+
+  si->layers = vpx_svc_dummy_frame(svc_ctx, si) ? 1 : svc_ctx->spatial_layers;
+  if (si->frame_within_gop >= svc_ctx->gop_size ||
+      si->encode_frame_count == 0 ||
+      (si->encode_frame_count == 1 && svc_ctx->first_frame_full_size == 1)) {
+    si->frame_within_gop = 0;
+  }
+  si->is_keyframe = (si->frame_within_gop == 0);
+  si->frame_size = 0;
+
+  svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG,
+          "vpx_svc_encode  layers: %d, frame_count: %d, frame_within_gop: %d\n",
+          si->layers, si->encode_frame_count, si->frame_within_gop);
+
+  // encode each layer
+  for (si->layer = 0; si->layer < si->layers; si->layer++) {
+    if (svc_ctx->encoding_mode == ALT_INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP &&
+        si->is_keyframe && (si->layer == 1 || si->layer == 3)) {
+      svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG, "Skip encoding layer %d\n", si->layer);
+      continue;
+    }
+    calculate_enc_frame_flags(svc_ctx);
+
+    if (vpx_svc_dummy_frame(svc_ctx, si)) {
+      // do not set svc parameters, use normal encode
+      svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG, "encoding full size first frame\n");
+    } else {
+      set_svc_parameters(svc_ctx, codec_ctx);
+    }
+    res = vpx_codec_encode(codec_ctx, rawimg, pts, duration,
+                           si->enc_frame_flags, deadline);
+    if (res != VPX_CODEC_OK) {
+      return res;
+    }
+    // save compressed data
+    iter = NULL;
+    while ((cx_pkt = vpx_codec_get_cx_data(codec_ctx, &iter))) {
+      switch (cx_pkt->kind) {
+        case VPX_CODEC_CX_FRAME_PKT:
+          frame_pkt_size = cx_pkt->data.frame.sz;
+          if (!vpx_svc_dummy_frame(svc_ctx, si)) {
+            si->bytes_in_layer[si->layer] += frame_pkt_size;
+
+            svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG,
+                    "SVC frame: %d, layer: %d, size: %ld%s\n",
+                    si->encode_frame_count, si->layer, frame_pkt_size,
+                    svc_ctx->log_print ? normal_color : "");
+          }
+          layer_data = ld_create(cx_pkt->data.frame.buf, frame_pkt_size);
+          if (layer_data == NULL) {
+            svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_ERROR, "Error allocating LayerData\n");
+            return 0;
+          }
+          ld_list_add(&cx_layer_list, layer_data);
+
+          // save layer size in superframe index
+          superframe.sizes[superframe.count++] = frame_pkt_size;
+          superframe.magnitude |= frame_pkt_size;
+          break;
+        case VPX_CODEC_PSNR_PKT:
+          if (!vpx_svc_dummy_frame(svc_ctx, si)) {
+            svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG,
+                    "%sSVC frame: %d, layer: %d, PSNR(Total/Y/U/V): "
+                    "%2.3f  %2.3f  %2.3f  %2.3f \n",
+                    svc_ctx->log_print ? colors[si->layer] : "",
+                    si->encode_frame_count, si->layer,
+                    cx_pkt->data.psnr.psnr[0], cx_pkt->data.psnr.psnr[1],
+                    cx_pkt->data.psnr.psnr[2], cx_pkt->data.psnr.psnr[3]);
+            si->psnr_in_layer[si->layer] += cx_pkt->data.psnr.psnr[0];
+          }
+          break;
+        default:
+          break;
+      }
+    }
+  }
+  // add superframe index to layer data list
+  if (!vpx_svc_dummy_frame(svc_ctx, si)) {
+    sf_create_index(&superframe);
+    layer_data = ld_create(superframe.buffer, superframe.index_size);
+    ld_list_add(&cx_layer_list, layer_data);
+  }
+  // get accumulated size of layer data
+  si->frame_size = ld_list_get_buffer_size(cx_layer_list);
+  if (si->frame_size == 0) return VPX_CODEC_ERROR;
+
+  // all layers encoded, create single buffer with concatenated layers
+  if (si->frame_size > si->buffer_size) {
+    free(si->buffer);
+    si->buffer = malloc(si->frame_size);
+    si->buffer_size = si->frame_size;
+  }
+  // copy layer data into packet
+  ld_list_copy_to_buffer(cx_layer_list, si->buffer);
+
+  ld_list_free(cx_layer_list);
+
+  svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_DEBUG,
+          "SVC frame: %d, kf: %d, size: %ld, pts: %ld\n",
+          si->encode_frame_count, si->is_keyframe, si->frame_size, pts);
+  si->frame_within_gop++;
+  si->encode_frame_count++;
+
+  return VPX_CODEC_OK;
+}
+
+char* svc_get_message(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+  return si->message_buffer;
+}
+
+void* svc_get_buffer(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+  return si->buffer;
+}
+
+int svc_get_frame_size(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+  return si->frame_size;
+}
+
+int svc_get_encode_frame_count(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+  return si->encode_frame_count;
+}
+
+int svc_is_keyframe(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+  return (si->is_keyframe);
+}
+
+void svc_set_keyframe(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+  si->frame_within_gop = 0;
+}
+
+void svc_dump_statistics(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  int number_of_frames, number_of_keyframes, encode_frame_count;
+  int i;
+  int bytes_total = 0;
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+
+  svc_log_reset(svc_ctx);
+
+  encode_frame_count = si->encode_frame_count;
+  if (svc_ctx->first_frame_full_size) encode_frame_count--;
+  if (si->encode_frame_count <= 0) return;
+
+  svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_INFO, "\n");
+  number_of_keyframes = encode_frame_count / svc_ctx->gop_size + 1;
+  for (i = 0; i < si->layers; i++) {
+    number_of_frames = encode_frame_count;
+
+    if (svc_ctx->encoding_mode == ALT_INTER_LAYER_PREDICTION_IP &&
+        (i == 1 || i == 3)) {
+      number_of_frames -= number_of_keyframes;
+    }
+    svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_INFO, "Layer %d PSNR=[%2.3f], Bytes=[%d]\n", i,
+            (double)si->psnr_in_layer[i] / number_of_frames,
+            si->bytes_in_layer[i]);
+    bytes_total += si->bytes_in_layer[i];
+  }
+
+  // only display statistics once
+  si->encode_frame_count = 0;
+
+  svc_log(svc_ctx, SVC_LOG_INFO, "Total Bytes=[%d]\n", bytes_total);
+}
+
+static void svc_log_reset(SvcContext* svc_ctx) {
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+  si->message_buffer[0] = '\0';
+}
+
+static int svc_log(SvcContext* svc_ctx, int level, char* fmt, ...) {
+  char buf[512];
+  int retval = 0;
+  va_list ap;
+  SvcInternal* si = (SvcInternal*)svc_ctx->internal;
+
+  if (level > svc_ctx->log_level) {
+    return retval;
+  }
+
+  va_start(ap, fmt);
+  retval = vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), fmt, ap);
+  va_end(ap);
+
+  if (svc_ctx->log_print) {
+    printf("%s", buf);
+  } else {
+    strncat(si->message_buffer, buf,
+            sizeof(si->message_buffer) - strlen(si->message_buffer) - 1);
+  }
+
+  if (level == SVC_LOG_ERROR) {
+    si->codec_ctx->err_detail = si->message_buffer;
+  }
+  return retval;
+}