From d342a45d98c4795b3a3fe1aaef5236ad4a782b55 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Yuuta Liang <yuutaw@students.cs.ubc.ca>
Date: Thu, 12 Oct 2023 12:10:33 +0800
Subject: Implement data structures from X.680, X.501, X.509, and PKCS#10, with
 X.690 encoding / decoding support

The implementation took four days, and it is still a little bit rough. Updated version should arrive soon.

Signed-off-by: Yuuta Liang <yuutaw@students.cs.ubc.ca>
---
 src/main/model/asn1/ASN1Length.java | 101 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 101 insertions(+)
 create mode 100644 src/main/model/asn1/ASN1Length.java

(limited to 'src/main/model/asn1/ASN1Length.java')

diff --git a/src/main/model/asn1/ASN1Length.java b/src/main/model/asn1/ASN1Length.java
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e85689c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/model/asn1/ASN1Length.java
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+package model.asn1;
+
+import model.asn1.exceptions.ParseException;
+import model.asn1.parsing.BytesReader;
+import ui.Utils;
+
+import java.util.Arrays;
+
+/**
+ * Represents the Length part in DER encoding. It appears after Tag and before Value. It represents the length of the
+ * encoded Value in bytes.
+ * For encoding, if the length is <= 127, it is encoded as a single byte, with the highest bit cleared. If it is > 127,
+ * the initial byte will have its highest bit set, with the remaining 7 bits representing how many of bytes in advance
+ * are needed to represent the multibyte length value. Then, following are the multibyte length value, encoded in a
+ * big-endian unsigned integer.
+ */
+public class ASN1Length implements Encodable {
+    /**
+     * The length. It is represented in Java signed 32bit integer, but it should be unsigned.
+     * Operations should use Integer#unsigned* methods.
+     */
+    private final int length;
+
+    /**
+     * EFFECTS: Initialize the object with the given length.
+     * REQUIRES: length >= 0
+     */
+    public ASN1Length(int length) {
+        this.length = length;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * EFFECTS: Parse the length from the given DER input.
+     *   Throws {@link ParseException} if the input is invalid:
+     *     - Indefinite length
+     *     - Not enough bytes
+     *     - Initial byte 0b11111111 (See X.690$8.1.3.5)
+     *     - Value too long (compliant to RFC but unsupported by this program): multibyte and # of bytes > 3
+     * MODIFIES: reader (bytes are read, at least one byte, at most 5 bytes)
+     */
+    public ASN1Length(BytesReader reader) throws ParseException {
+        final Byte first = reader.require(1, true)[0];
+        if (first < 0) {
+            // Multibyte
+            // 0b11111111
+            if (first == -1) {
+                throw new ParseException("The initial byte must not be 0xFF");
+            }
+            // Clear the sign bit and get the remaining.
+            int count = first & 127;
+            if (count == 0) {
+                throw new ParseException("Indefinite length is forbidden by DER");
+            }
+            final Byte[] values = reader.require(count, true);
+            // Pad one byte to the top - so it is always unsigned.
+            Byte[] b1 = new Byte[values.length + 1];
+            System.arraycopy(values, 0, b1, 1, values.length);
+            b1[0] = 0x0;
+            this.length = Utils.bytesToInt(b1);
+        } else {
+            this.length = first;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * EFFECTS: Compute the length to add in the Tag - Length - Value format. For a detailed description on length, see
+     * class specification.
+     */
+    @Override
+    public Byte[] encodeDER() {
+        // Determine the length of the length.
+        // If the length is <= 127 bytes, use a single byte.
+        // If the length is > 127 bytes, set the highest bit as 1, and the
+        // rest of the bits specify how many more bytes the length is, followed
+        // by a sequence of bytes of the length.
+        // Setting the length 80 (0b10000000) means indefinite length, which is forbidden
+        // by DER.
+        // DER prefers the shortest form.
+        if (length <= 127) {
+            // Possible in a single byte.
+            return new Byte[]{ (byte) length };
+        } else {
+            // Big-endian encoding of the length. DER uses big-endian.
+            final Byte[] lengthBytes = Utils.valToByte(length);
+            final Byte[] result = new Byte[lengthBytes.length + 1];
+            // Turn-on the highest bit.
+            result[0] = (byte) (lengthBytes.length | -128);
+            // Append the length.
+            System.arraycopy(lengthBytes, 0,
+                    result, 1, lengthBytes.length);
+            return result;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * EFFECT: Returns the unsigned integer length.
+     */
+    public int getLength() {
+        return length;
+    }
+}
-- 
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