GNU libc SNAPSHOT SYSTEM (general info) Updated 1997-9-26 WHAT ARE GNU libc SNAPSHOTS --------------------------- Snapshots are an "image" of the main glibc development tree, captured at a particular random instant in time. When you use the snapshots, you should be able to maintain a local copy of libc that is no more than one day older than the official source tree used by the libc maintainers. The primary purpose of providing snapshots is to widen the group of motivated developers that would like to help test, debug, and enhance glibc, by providing you with access to the "latest and greatest" source. This has several advantages, and several disadvantages. First the advantages: o Once we have a large base of motivated testers using the snapshots, this should provide good coverage across all currently supported glibc hosts and targets. If a new bug is introduced in glibc due to fixing another bug or ongoing development, it should become obvious much more quickly and get fixed before the next general net release. This should help to reduce the chances of glibc being released to the general public with a major bug that went unnoticed during the release cycle testing because they are machine dependent. We hope to greatly improve glibc's stability and reliability by involving more people and more execution environments in the prerelease testing. o With access to the latest source, any diffs that you send to fix bugs or add new features should be much easier for the glibc team to merge into the official source base (after suitable review of course). This encourages us to merge your changes quicker, while they are still "fresh". o Once your diffs are merged, you can obtain a new copy of glibc containing your changes almost immediately. Thus you do not have to maintain local copies of your changes for any longer than it takes to get them merged into the official source base. This encourages you to send in changes quicker. And the disadvantages: o The snapshot you get will be largely untested and of unknown quality. It may fail to configure or compile. It may have serious bugs. You should always keep a copy of the last known working version before updating to the current snapshot, or at least be able to regenerate a working version if the latest snapshot is unusable in your environment for some reason. If a production version of glibc has a bug and a snapshot has the fix, and you care about stability, you should put only the fix for that particular problem into your production version. Of course, if you are eager to test glibc, you can use the snapshot versions in your daily work, but users who have not been consulted about whether they feel like testing glibc should generally have something which is at least as bug free as the last released version. o Providing timely response to your questions, bug reports, and submitted patches will require the glibc development team to allocate time from an already thin time budget. Please try to help us make this time as productive as possible. See the section below about how to submit changes. WHO SHOULD TRY THE SNAPSHOTS ---------------------------- Remember, these are snapshots not tested versions. So if you use these versions you should be able to o make sure your system stays usable o locate and hopefully fix problems o to port glibc to a new target yourself You should not use the snapshots if o your system is needed in a production environment which needs stability o you expect us to fix your problems since you somehow depend on them. You must be willing to fix the problems yourself, we don't want to see "I have problems, fix this" messages. HOW TO GET THE SNAPSHOTS ------------------------ At the moment we provide a full snapshot weekly (every sunday), so that users getting a snapshot for the first time, or updating after a long period of not updating, can get the latest version in a single operation. Along with the full snapshot, we will provide incremental diffs on a nearly daily basis (whenever code changes). Each daily diff will be relative to the source tree after applying all previous daily diffs. The daily diffs are for people who have relatively low bandwidth ftp or uucp connections. The files will be available via anonymous ftp from alpha.gnu.org, in directory /gnu/libc and on linux.kernel.org in /pub/software/libs/glibc. The directories should look something like: libc-970921.tar.gz libc-970917-970922.diff.gz libc-970922-970925.diff.gz . . . Please note that the snapshots on alpha.gnu.org and on linux.kernel.org are not always in sync. Patches to some files might appear a day a diff earlier or later on alpha than on kernel. Use always alpha or always kernel but don't mix them. There are sometimes additionally test releases of the add-ons available in these directories. If a new version of an add-on is available it is normally required for the corresponding snapshot so always pay attention for these. Note that we provide GNU gzip compressed files only. You can ftp gzip from ftp.gnu.org in directory pub/gnu. In some cases the dates for diffs and snapshots do not match like in the example above. The full release is for 970921 but the patch is for 970917-970922. This only means that nothing changed between 970917 and 970922 and that you have to use this patch on top of the 970921 snapshot since the patch is made on 970922. Also, as the gcc developers did with their gcc snapshot system, even though we will make the snapshots available on a publically accessible ftp area, we ask that recipients not widely publicise their availability. The motivation for this request is not to hoard them, but to avoid the situation where the general glibc user base naively attempts to use the snapshots, has trouble with them, complains publically, and the reputation of glibc declines because of a perception of instability or lack of quality control. GLIBC TEST SUITE ---------------- A test suite is distributed as an integral part of the snapshots. A simple "make check" in your build directory is sufficient to run the tests. glibc should pass all tests and if any fails, please report it. A failure might not originate from a bug in glibc but also from bugs in the tools, e.g. with gcc 2.7.2.x the math tests fail some of the tests because of compiler bugs. Note that the test suite is still in its infancy. The tests themselves only cover a small portion of libc features, and where tests do exist for a feature they are not exhaustive. New tests are welcome. GETTING HELP, GLIBC DISCUSSIONS, etc ------------------------------------ People who want to help with glibc and who test out snapshots regularly should get on the libc-alpha@cygnus.com mailing list by sending an email to libc-alpha-request@cygnus.com. This list is meant (as the name suggests) for the discussion of test releases and also reports for them. People who are on this list are welcome to post questions of general interest. People who are not only willing to test the snapshots but instead really want to help developing glibc should contact libc-hacker-request@cygnus.com.org to be put on the developers mailing list. This list is really only meant for developers. No questions about installation problems or other simple topics are wanted nor will they be answered. Do *not* send any questions about the snapshots or patches specific to the snapshots to bug-glibc@gnu.org. Nobody there will have any idea what you are talking about and it will just cause confusion. BUG REPORTS ----------- Send bug reports directly to Ulrich Drepper . Please do *not* use the glibcbug script for reporting bugs in the snapshots. glibcbug should only be used for problems with the official released versions. We don't like bug reports in the bug database because otherwise the impression of instability or lack of quality control of glibc as a whole might manifest in people's mind. Note that since no testing is done on the snapshots, and snapshots may even be made when glibc is in an inconsistent state, it may not be unusual for an occasional snapshot to have a very obvious bug, such as failure to compile on *any* machine. It is likely that such bugs will be fixed by the next snapshot, so it really isn't necessary to report them unless they persist for a couple of days. Missing files should always be reported, since they usually mean there is a problem with the snapshot-generating process and we won't know about them unless someone tells us. Bugs which are non-obvious, such as failure to compile on only a specific machine, a new machine dependent or obscure bug (particularly one not detected by the testsuite), etc should be reported when you discover them, or have a suggested patch to fix them. FORMAT FOR PATCHES ------------------ If you have a fix for a bug, or an enhancement to submit, send your patch to Ulrich Drepper . Here are some simple guidelines for submitting patches: o Use "unified diffs" for patches. A typical command for generating context diffs is "diff -ru glibc-old glibc-patched". o Use the "minimalist approach" for patches. That is, each patch should address only one particular bug, new feature, etc. Do not save up many unrelated changes and submit them all in one big patch, since in general, the larger the patch the more difficult it is for us to decide if the patch is either correct or desirable. And if we find something about the patch that needs to be corrected before it can be installed, we would have to reject the entire patch, which might contain changes which otherwise would be accepted if submitted separately. o Submit a sample ChangeLog entry with your patch. See the existing glibc ChangeLog for examples of what a ChangeLog entry should look like. The emacs command ^X4A will create a ChangeLog entry header for you. BUILDING SNAPSHOTS ------------------ The `best' way to build glibc is to use an extra directory, e.g.: tar xzf libc-970921.tar.gz mkdir build-glibc cd build-glibc ../libc-970921/configure ... In this way you can easily clean up (since `make clean' doesn't work at the moment) and rebuild glibc. NECESSARY TOOLS --------------- For the recommended versions of gcc, binutils, make, texinfo, gettext, autoconf and other tools which might be especially needed when using patches, please read the file INSTALL. HOW CAN YOU HELP ---------------- It helps already a lot if you just install glibc on your system and try to solve any problems. You might want to look at the file `PROJECTS' and help with one of those projects, fix some bugs (see `BUGS' or the bug database), port to an unsupported platform, ... FURTHER DOCUMENTATION --------------------- A lot of questions are answered in the FAQ. The files `INSTALL', `README' and `NOTES' contain the most important documentation. Furthermore glibc has its own 700+ pages info documentation, ... And finally a word of caution: The libc is one of the most fundamental parts of your system - and these snapshots are untested and come without any guarantee or warranty. You might be lucky and everything works or you might crash your system. If you install a glibc snapshot as primary library, you should have a backup somewhere. On many systems it is also a problem to replace the libc while the system is running. In the worst case on broken OSes some systems crash. On better systems you can move the old libc aside but removing it will cause problems since there are still processes using this libc image and so you might have to check the filesystem to get rid of the libc data. One good alternative (which is also safer) is to use a chroot'ed environment. Thanks for your help and support. Thanks to Fred Fish from Cygnus for the original version of this text (for GDB). Ulrich Drepper