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-/* Optimized strlen implementation for PowerPC64.
- Copyright (C) 1997-2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
- This file is part of the GNU C Library.
-
- The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
-
- The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
- Lesser General Public License for more details.
-
- You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- License along with the GNU C Library; if not, see
- <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. */
-
-#include <sysdep.h>
-
-/* The algorithm here uses the following techniques:
-
- 1) Given a word 'x', we can test to see if it contains any 0 bytes
- by subtracting 0x01010101, and seeing if any of the high bits of each
- byte changed from 0 to 1. This works because the least significant
- 0 byte must have had no incoming carry (otherwise it's not the least
- significant), so it is 0x00 - 0x01 == 0xff. For all other
- byte values, either they have the high bit set initially, or when
- 1 is subtracted you get a value in the range 0x00-0x7f, none of which
- have their high bit set. The expression here is
- (x + 0xfefefeff) & ~(x | 0x7f7f7f7f), which gives 0x00000000 when
- there were no 0x00 bytes in the word. You get 0x80 in bytes that
- match, but possibly false 0x80 matches in the next more significant
- byte to a true match due to carries. For little-endian this is
- of no consequence since the least significant match is the one
- we're interested in, but big-endian needs method 2 to find which
- byte matches.
-
- 2) Given a word 'x', we can test to see _which_ byte was zero by
- calculating ~(((x & 0x7f7f7f7f) + 0x7f7f7f7f) | x | 0x7f7f7f7f).
- This produces 0x80 in each byte that was zero, and 0x00 in all
- the other bytes. The '| 0x7f7f7f7f' clears the low 7 bits in each
- byte, and the '| x' part ensures that bytes with the high bit set
- produce 0x00. The addition will carry into the high bit of each byte
- iff that byte had one of its low 7 bits set. We can then just see
- which was the most significant bit set and divide by 8 to find how
- many to add to the index.
- This is from the book 'The PowerPC Compiler Writer's Guide',
- by Steve Hoxey, Faraydon Karim, Bill Hay and Hank Warren.
-
- We deal with strings not aligned to a word boundary by taking the
- first word and ensuring that bytes not part of the string
- are treated as nonzero. To allow for memory latency, we unroll the
- loop a few times, being careful to ensure that we do not read ahead
- across cache line boundaries.
-
- Questions to answer:
- 1) How long are strings passed to strlen? If they're often really long,
- we should probably use cache management instructions and/or unroll the
- loop more. If they're often quite short, it might be better to use
- fact (2) in the inner loop than have to recalculate it.
- 2) How popular are bytes with the high bit set? If they are very rare,
- on some processors it might be useful to use the simpler expression
- ~((x - 0x01010101) | 0x7f7f7f7f) (that is, on processors with only one
- ALU), but this fails when any character has its high bit set.
-
- Answer:
- 1) Added a Data Cache Block Touch early to prefetch the first 128
- byte cache line. Adding dcbt instructions to the loop would not be
- effective since most strings will be shorter than the cache line. */
-
-/* Some notes on register usage: Under the SVR4 ABI, we can use registers
- 0 and 3 through 12 (so long as we don't call any procedures) without
- saving them. We can also use registers 14 through 31 if we save them.
- We can't use r1 (it's the stack pointer), r2 nor r13 because the user
- program may expect them to hold their usual value if we get sent
- a signal. Integer parameters are passed in r3 through r10.
- We can use condition registers cr0, cr1, cr5, cr6, and cr7 without saving
- them, the others we must save. */
-
-/* int [r3] strlen (char *s [r3]) */
-
-#ifndef STRLEN
-# define STRLEN strlen
-#endif
-
-ENTRY (STRLEN)
- CALL_MCOUNT 1
-
-#define rTMP4 r0
-#define rRTN r3 /* incoming STR arg, outgoing result */
-#define rSTR r4 /* current string position */
-#define rPADN r5 /* number of padding bits we prepend to the
- string to make it start at a word boundary */
-#define rFEFE r6 /* constant 0xfefefefefefefeff (-0x0101010101010101) */
-#define r7F7F r7 /* constant 0x7f7f7f7f7f7f7f7f */
-#define rWORD1 r8 /* current string doubleword */
-#define rWORD2 r9 /* next string doubleword */
-#define rMASK r9 /* mask for first string doubleword */
-#define rTMP1 r10
-#define rTMP2 r11
-#define rTMP3 r12
-
- dcbt 0,rRTN
- clrrdi rSTR, rRTN, 3
- lis r7F7F, 0x7f7f
- rlwinm rPADN, rRTN, 3, 26, 28
- ld rWORD1, 0(rSTR)
- addi r7F7F, r7F7F, 0x7f7f
- li rMASK, -1
- insrdi r7F7F, r7F7F, 32, 0
-/* We use method (2) on the first two doublewords, because rFEFE isn't
- required which reduces setup overhead. Also gives a faster return
- for small strings on big-endian due to needing to recalculate with
- method (2) anyway. */
-#ifdef __LITTLE_ENDIAN__
- sld rMASK, rMASK, rPADN
-#else
- srd rMASK, rMASK, rPADN
-#endif
- and rTMP1, r7F7F, rWORD1
- or rTMP2, r7F7F, rWORD1
- lis rFEFE, -0x101
- add rTMP1, rTMP1, r7F7F
- addi rFEFE, rFEFE, -0x101
- nor rTMP3, rTMP2, rTMP1
- and. rTMP3, rTMP3, rMASK
- mtcrf 0x01, rRTN
- bne L(done0)
- sldi rTMP1, rFEFE, 32
- add rFEFE, rFEFE, rTMP1
-/* Are we now aligned to a doubleword boundary? */
- bt 28, L(loop)
-
-/* Handle second doubleword of pair. */
-/* Perhaps use method (1) here for little-endian, saving one instruction? */
- ldu rWORD1, 8(rSTR)
- and rTMP1, r7F7F, rWORD1
- or rTMP2, r7F7F, rWORD1
- add rTMP1, rTMP1, r7F7F
- nor. rTMP3, rTMP2, rTMP1
- bne L(done0)
-
-/* The loop. */
-
-L(loop):
- ld rWORD1, 8(rSTR)
- ldu rWORD2, 16(rSTR)
- add rTMP1, rFEFE, rWORD1
- nor rTMP2, r7F7F, rWORD1
- and. rTMP1, rTMP1, rTMP2
- add rTMP3, rFEFE, rWORD2
- nor rTMP4, r7F7F, rWORD2
- bne L(done1)
- and. rTMP3, rTMP3, rTMP4
- beq L(loop)
-
-#ifndef __LITTLE_ENDIAN__
- and rTMP1, r7F7F, rWORD2
- add rTMP1, rTMP1, r7F7F
- andc rTMP3, rTMP4, rTMP1
- b L(done0)
-
-L(done1):
- and rTMP1, r7F7F, rWORD1
- subi rSTR, rSTR, 8
- add rTMP1, rTMP1, r7F7F
- andc rTMP3, rTMP2, rTMP1
-
-/* When we get to here, rSTR points to the first doubleword in the string that
- contains a zero byte, and rTMP3 has 0x80 for bytes that are zero, and 0x00
- otherwise. */
-L(done0):
- cntlzd rTMP3, rTMP3
- subf rTMP1, rRTN, rSTR
- srdi rTMP3, rTMP3, 3
- add rRTN, rTMP1, rTMP3
- blr
-#else
-
-L(done0):
- addi rTMP1, rTMP3, -1 /* Form a mask from trailing zeros. */
- andc rTMP1, rTMP1, rTMP3
- cntlzd rTMP1, rTMP1 /* Count bits not in the mask. */
- subf rTMP3, rRTN, rSTR
- subfic rTMP1, rTMP1, 64-7
- srdi rTMP1, rTMP1, 3
- add rRTN, rTMP1, rTMP3
- blr
-
-L(done1):
- addi rTMP3, rTMP1, -1
- andc rTMP3, rTMP3, rTMP1
- cntlzd rTMP3, rTMP3
- subf rTMP1, rRTN, rSTR
- subfic rTMP3, rTMP3, 64-7-64
- sradi rTMP3, rTMP3, 3
- add rRTN, rTMP1, rTMP3
- blr
-#endif
-
-END (STRLEN)
-libc_hidden_builtin_def (strlen)