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+/* cbrtl.c
+ *
+ * Cube root, long double precision
+ *
+ *
+ *
+ * SYNOPSIS:
+ *
+ * long double x, y, cbrtl();
+ *
+ * y = cbrtl( x );
+ *
+ *
+ *
+ * DESCRIPTION:
+ *
+ * Returns the cube root of the argument, which may be negative.
+ *
+ * Range reduction involves determining the power of 2 of
+ * the argument. A polynomial of degree 2 applied to the
+ * mantissa, and multiplication by the cube root of 1, 2, or 4
+ * approximates the root to within about 0.1%. Then Newton's
+ * iteration is used three times to converge to an accurate
+ * result.
+ *
+ *
+ *
+ * ACCURACY:
+ *
+ * Relative error:
+ * arithmetic domain # trials peak rms
+ * IEEE -8,8 100000 1.3e-34 3.9e-35
+ * IEEE exp(+-707) 100000 1.3e-34 4.3e-35
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+Cephes Math Library Release 2.2: January, 1991
+Copyright 1984, 1991 by Stephen L. Moshier
+Adapted for glibc October, 2001.
+*/
+
+#include "math.h"
+#include "math_private.h"
+
+static const long double CBRT2 = 1.259921049894873164767210607278228350570251L;
+static const long double CBRT4 = 1.587401051968199474751705639272308260391493L;
+static const long double CBRT2I = 0.7937005259840997373758528196361541301957467L;
+static const long double CBRT4I = 0.6299605249474365823836053036391141752851257L;
+
+
+long double
+__cbrtl (long double x)
+{
+ int e, rem, sign;
+ long double z;
+
+ if (!__finitel (x))
+ return x + x;
+
+ if (x == 0)
+ return (x);
+
+ if (x > 0)
+ sign = 1;
+ else
+ {
+ sign = -1;
+ x = -x;
+ }
+
+ z = x;
+ /* extract power of 2, leaving mantissa between 0.5 and 1 */
+ x = __frexpl (x, &e);
+
+ /* Approximate cube root of number between .5 and 1,
+ peak relative error = 1.2e-6 */
+ x = ((((1.3584464340920900529734e-1L * x
+ - 6.3986917220457538402318e-1L) * x
+ + 1.2875551670318751538055e0L) * x
+ - 1.4897083391357284957891e0L) * x
+ + 1.3304961236013647092521e0L) * x + 3.7568280825958912391243e-1L;
+
+ /* exponent divided by 3 */
+ if (e >= 0)
+ {
+ rem = e;
+ e /= 3;
+ rem -= 3 * e;
+ if (rem == 1)
+ x *= CBRT2;
+ else if (rem == 2)
+ x *= CBRT4;
+ }
+ else
+ { /* argument less than 1 */
+ e = -e;
+ rem = e;
+ e /= 3;
+ rem -= 3 * e;
+ if (rem == 1)
+ x *= CBRT2I;
+ else if (rem == 2)
+ x *= CBRT4I;
+ e = -e;
+ }
+
+ /* multiply by power of 2 */
+ x = __ldexpl (x, e);
+
+ /* Newton iteration */
+ x -= (x - (z / (x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333333333333333333333333333L;
+ x -= (x - (z / (x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333333333333333333333333333L;
+ x -= (x - (z / (x * x))) * 0.3333333333333333333333333333333333333333L;
+
+ if (sign < 0)
+ x = -x;
+ return (x);
+}
+
+weak_alias (__cbrtl, cbrtl)